Dual compartment stove



Feb. 13, 1940. c, TOWN 2,190,343

DUAL COMPARTMENT STOVE Filed Oct. 30, 1957 2 Sheets-Shet 1 q 4 7. 6. wa 7am;

' h/ I 's/fled- Feb. 13, 1940. c. D. TOWN DUAL COMPARTMENT STOVE 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Oct. 30. 1937 FL 36? L Patented Feb. 13, 1940 The principal object of my PATENT OFFICE DUAL COMPABTMENT STOVE Clinton D. Town, Portland, Oreg. I Application October 30, 1937, Serial No. 171,944

' f 18 Claims. (01; 26-45) a invention is to provide an efiicient stove,-furnace or other heating device adapted to receive varying quantities of fuel to be burned, but in which the burning rate can be controlled to pr production of heat."

A further object of my inven ovide a uniform tion is to provide' a device of this character inwhich the fuel is burned efficiently and the heat generated there by isradiated oversuch a large area thatonly a small percentage of the heat in passes up the flue.

generated there- A vfurther object of my invention is to pro vide an inexpensive, efiicient stove adapted to utilize standard metallic-containers, such for example as oil drums, andto which it is necessary to add only a cover element, flue and draft connections to provide an efficient stove.

A further object of my invention is to pro-.

in which the air vide a stove of this character admitted to support combus downwardly on to the'top of a quantity of burn-' ing fuel to produce efficient combustion there-- tion is directed of and the air supplying devices are adapted to be adjustable so as to direct ai 1' into and across said body of burning fuel from difiereint points to support combustion in an efficient manner A'further object of my invention is toproand flame to escape'into theroom.

Furtherdetails of my inventionand'several structures embodying alternate forms of said inventionare hereinafter described with reference to the accompanying 'dr awingsf in which one embodiment of my invention isnshown in Figs. L to 3, inclusive, alternate forms'the'reof in Figs. 4; 5, 6 and 7 and a fur ther modification of said invention is shown in Figs. 8 to" l4, in clu'sive, and a still furthermodification thereof isshown in Figs. 15 and 16.

numerical sequence are as follows:

5 -,Flg.; 1 is avertical section thr u a heating stove embodying my invention in which the'draft and fiue connections are shown in elevation] and parts. are shown broken away to disclose details .of construction Fig.2 i's'a plan View looking down upon the structure shown in Fig. 1 with I lid shown broken away;

.'.Fig.x3 is a perspective .deta

a portion of the il. looking downtural details thereof;

on the line Hll in Fig. 9;

Said figures in cover 3' extending across the upper end of said drum and it is' such ..'a. containerthat. is illuswardly upon the tubular draft control element;

Fig. 4 is a broken elevation of a heating device illustrating how the tubular draft control can be vertically adjusted;

Fig. 5 'is'a modification of my invention showing an alternative draft control comprising two halves hingedly joined together .to'provide ad justment; v I

. Fig. 6 is a fragmentary broken elevation showing' a still further modification of my invention in which a tubular draft control comprises twosections telescoping one within the other to secure vertical adjustment;

Fig. is a broken plan view looking down upon thestove shown in Fig. 6 and illustrating struc-I Fig. 8 is a vertical section taken thru a modified form of my invention;

.Fig. 9 is a horizontal section taken thru the modification shown in Fig. -8 taken on the line 9f-9 therein; i

' Fig. 10 is a vertical section taken thru said modification on the; line Ill-l0 in Fig. 8;

Fig. 11 is a fragmentary-vertical section take .Fig. 12 is a perspective view of the damper element of said modification;

Fig. 13 is a horizontal'section taken on. the line I3l3in Fig.8;

Fig 14 is a perspective detailed view of the structure of the draft intake;

Fig. 15 is a smaller scaled horizontal section similar to Fig. 9 of a further modification of my invention in which'the firebox is housed within a flue section which extends about three sides of said firebox; and I Fig. 16 isa vertical section similar to Fig.8 of the modification shown in Fig. 15 illustrating the mannerin which flue gases are permitted to move downwardly'along theback'of the stove as well as along the side thereof.

In the'embodiment of my invention shown in Figs. 1 toj i, the stove is housed within a cylindrical container 2 having a bottom 2a and a container. Said cover includes a hinged lid 4 lying withinthe bounds of said cover as illustrated in Fig. '2."- Said'lid is'pivoted at- 4arandlis] provided with-'a'handle lever 4b at the opposite side extendingbeyond' the margin of the stove so as to provide a convenientt' device for lifting said'lid. One convenient and inexpensive type of container adapted'to be used in a stove of this character is a-standard oil container or trated in the drawings. A smaller sized drum 5 is arranged within the larger one and constitutes the fuel holder or firebox. The drums being of different diameter thus provide a downwardly extending flue space 6 lying exteriorly of the inner container 5 and interiorly of the housing or shell 2. Said space preferably completely surrounds the inner container. Thus, I preferably arrange blocks of material i so as to space the bottom to of said inner container from the bottom 2a of the outer one and thus products of combustion can flow underneath the inner container 5 as well as around the sides thereof.

The container 5 preferably is shorter than the.-

outer one as well as being smaller, in diameterand thus the upper edgeor rim 5b lies below the plane of the lid i so as to permit flue gases to pass over said rim as is indicated by arrows at other aum'liary flue opening it is arranged in a JOY vbuttons readily to pass therethru.

thimble lfla near the top of the shell and a sec tion of flue 97a. joins said opening to the main flue 9. A damper H is provided which normally.

is arranged'to prevent fiuelgases from passing thru the flue opening it to the fiue. That is, said damper ll normally lies transversely of said section of flue pipe 9a to prevent smoke from passing upwardly therein.

Extending downwardly thru the cover plate 3 is a tubular draft element i3. Said tubular draft 7 element extends thru the bore of an integral collar 3a, formed in said cover. A movable draft control plate M is adapted to lie wholly or partially across'the bore of said tubular draft element to correspondingly restrict the flow of air therethru. Projecting buttonsifi are spaced at. equal intervals along the exterior of said draft element and are adapted to engage the ,top 3b of said collar 3a. An offset. portion 30 is arranged,

in said collar being proportioned to permit said Thus the draft element 13 can be lifted lengthwise or dropped further into the interior of the drum 5, by arranging said buttons in. alinement with the passageway 30.

be rotated slightly so'that the'buttons are out of alinement with said passageway 30 to lock said draft element i 3. against further movement downwardly. A handle it is provided for shifting said' engaging the projecting buttons 15, upon-said tubular draft element. A passageway 46 is pro:- vided for permitting passage of. said buttons when said buttons are alined therewith substantially the same as in'the passageway. ,Bc shown in Figs. 1 to a, inclusive.

In Fig. 5; I have-shown amodified draft element I3 pendantly. hung from a lid la. In this modification a. curved section. Hlaof said tubular draft control extendsdownwardly from said. lid

4f and-another section. I81) ispivotally joined thereto. by a pin 180. When. said sections, are,

When i the draft element is ar ranged at approximatelyits proper position it can signed for their use in a stove. 1

. In the modifications shown in Figs. 8 to 14,! inclusive, thestove is shown providedwith a;fire-- Saidlid is provided with a collar. id for arranged normally they abut on the parting line l8d. Ifa large amount of fuel is arranged'within the container 5 it is permitted to extend above the,

normal end of the section it!) which is swung counterclockwise about the pivot pin 80 and element i l in the previous modification and mor lies an aperture 49 in said lid 41.

In Figs. 6 and 7 I Show a un further modifica tion of 'my' invention. A removable cover. 311 is arranged upon the open mouth of the'outer container 2 and said cover is provided with'a piv-' oted lid 4h. One section i9 of said cover extends I to a higher. plane than the remainder of the cover and is adapted to constitute a dome for catching smoke; Extending upwardly from saiddome is I g N A damper plate Ha nor-- mally lies across said flue to prevent smoke from" passing upwardly therein. All flue gases are then a section; of flue- 9c.

directed over the top of the inner container and down thru. the passageway it into the flue open: ing 9b adjacent the bottom of the outermost container 2. When the lid M1. is opened I prefer-f ably open the damper plate I la, sothat smoke will rise-into the dome and pass directly out the fiue and will not pass outwardly from the con-ftainer thru the} space, normally closed by the hinged lid. 4h. The flue being arranged adjacent thecenter of the cover plate 3d and more or less over the open mouths-of the containers 2 and 5 thus is adapted to receive said. fluegases readily to prevent the escape thereof thru the openingv provided by the lifting of the cover 4h. Also illustrated in the latter. modification shown in. Figs. 6 and 7 is a draft controlled-element-2i); comprising two telescopic sections, a fixedone' 2i pendantly mounted in the sections l9 of the s cover 3d and a movable one 22 slidably mounted within: thelbore. of the section 21. A chain, 23.-

chain isf coiled on or off of the latter toelower; or raise the mouth22a of said section 22 corpomli a I r r In Figs. 8 told. inclusive, I show two different modificationsof i'ny invention shown incorporated in structures specifically built into a stove or other heating device. By that I mean in the previous, structurea. standard oil drums or con: tainers were. converted into stoves. Inthe present modifications the structures; are specifically de-. 7 v

box 25 which defines a combustion chamber 25a within itsinterior. Access ishad to said co-mbustion chamber thru a door 252).. A draft chamber.

27. isjshow-n. removably secured to the front of saidfirebox.

Said chamber is" secured. to. the

firebox by flanges 21a shownv more particularlyfin Fig. 14. A cover. 28 is providedfor said chamber which isadjustably mounted across the opening thereini "Said cover is provided withslot-ted holes.

28a which fit overupstanding pins 211); The: slotted character of the holes permits the cover of the opening into said draft chamber.

to be shifted laterally to vary theeifectivejsize; I I

Lying at two sides of the firebox is' a jacket 29.."

defining two lateral down flues 2.9a. Theja'cket 1 1 extends up higher than. the: top of the fireboxflso that products of combustion can. pass overthetopv ofithe. firebox under the cover 30 and'down between the jacket 29 .and the firebox 25. This provides two lateral down fiues 29a extending the full height of the firebox 25. Extending across the bottom of the firebox is a transverse.

fiue 2% which joins the bottoms of the lateral down fiues 29a. Said transverse flue 29b is defined by an inclined floor section 250 and a pro-- longation of the horizontal fioor 2511. This provides a transverse flue connection of triangular section as is illustrated in Fig. 8. This permits the fiues to communicate and gases to pass out thru a vent 3| leading to the stove pipe 33.

Arranged immediately'externally of said vent is, a base chamber for the stove pipe. .The

chamber is joined tothe stove pipe by a thimble.

sageway from the combustion chamber into the A damper 36 is pivinterior of the stove pipe. otally mounted across said vent where it joins the vent casing and said damper, in the position shown in Fig. 8, cuts off communication between said vent and said Stovepipe. When, it is arranged otherwise it provides access thru said vent 34. Said damper is a fiat section of metal provided with a damper rod 36a which constitutes a pivot for said plate. A crank arm 3% is formed integrally with said damper rod and a pull rod 360 operatively engages said crank arm. Said pull rod terminates in a knob- 36d arranged at the front of the stove. Thus, the damper 36 can be manipulated from a poin adjacent the door of said firebox. 1

When the door is opened, the vent 34 is arranged to be opened so that smoke from the firebox will pass thru said vent more readily than thru the door 25b. When the .door is closed the vent 34 is also closed so that the fiue gases are required to traverse the entire height of the firebox thereby to provide a greater oppor tunity for the radiation of heat thru the walls of the jacket and into the room. in which said stove is located. As an optional draft control I provide a vent 39 arranged vertically above the door 251). Said optional vent 39 is also pro- I vided with a damper 39a which is subject to manual manipulation. In the case of very heavy smoke I preferably open the optional vent 39 so thatthe smoke can pass directly upwardly into the stove pipe.

' The bore of the tubular draft element 31 de I fines a draft aperture 38 for admitting airinto the combustion chamber. That is, air for supporting combustion is permitted to pass by the edge of the cover 28 for the draft chamber 21- and enter the bore of tubular draft element 31. Said tubular draft element depends into the combustion chamber and is made in two pieces. One piece 310. is fixed to the inner face of the firebox 25. The other piece 31b is hingedly'secured to the fixed portion and extends more or less vertically into the combustion chamber. When fuel is arranged as shown in Fig. 8, the piece 31b hangs downwardly to face said fuelso as to direct a blast of air for supporting combustion of said fuel. If a greater quantity of fuel is arrangedin the combustion chamber, said piece is swung upwardly into the positionshown 33 thru the vent 3|.

in dotted lines in Fig. 8. Whenit swings to said last named position, it is supported by a hinged pin 310 at one end and by the fuel at the other. The mouth 31d of said hinged portion will not direct a blast of air downwardly upon the fuel, but air for supporting combustion will pass outwardly from theend 316 of the fixed portion 31a.

In the normal operation of a stove embodying these features, air willbe permitted to pass by the edge of the cover 28 for the draft chamber and will be directed downwardly thru the bore.

of the tubular draft element onto a quantity of burning fuel. Theproducts of combustion will rise in the combustion chamber and when they approach the proximity of the under surface of the stove cover 30, they will be directed down- Wardly over the sides of the firebox into the laterally projecting down fiues 29a. Said downwardly fiowing hot gases will radiate their heat thru-the walls of the" jacket to the room. The

walls of said jacket are relatively thin and are efficient heat transfer agencies and the cooling. gases will be collected in the transversefiuelBb and directed into the bottom of the stove pipe The gases will then pass up thru the stove pipe and thru its lateral branch to the atmosphere.

, In Figs. 15 and 16 I illustrate how the firebox 46 of a stove can besurrounded at three sides by a jacket 4|. to define fiues 4Ia at both sides and at the back thereof. In other respects the stove illustrated in Figs. 15 and 16 is similar to the one shown in Figs. 8 to 14, inclusive, and similar reference characters are given to the various parts thereof. Said firebox 40 houses a combustion chamber and access is had to said chamber thru a door 40b. The products of combustion are permitted to flow upwardly until they strike, the cover 42 and are then directed downwardly thru said fiues Mo to the bottom of the jacket. I preferably provide a bafile plate 400 along the back down fiue over the vent 3la. Said baflie tends to restrict the downfiow of flue gases thru said back section and tends to direct fiue gases more uniformly thru the. fiues arranged at the sides of said firebox.

I claim:

l. A heating device comprising a firebox, an encompassing heating jacket communicating therewith adjacent the top of said firebox, a draft connection'extending, vertically into said firebox, said, connection comprising a tubular element adjustable to vary the plane of the ef-v fective outlet of said draft connection vertically, and means for selectively fixing the height of said outlet by hand while said elements are in their normally heated condition. 1

m2. A heating device comprising a firebox, an encompassing heating jacket communicating therewith adjacent the top of said firebox, a draft connection extending vertically into said firebox, said connection comprising a tubular element composed of a plurality of vertically adjustableto varythe plane of theeifective outlet ofsaid draft connection vertically, means for selectively fixing the height of saidoutlet by hand whilev said elements arein their normally heated condition, and a fluev connection: opening thru the wall of the'jacket are point below the top of the firebox.

4. A heatingdevice comprising a firebox, an encompassing fheating jacket communicating therewith adjacent the top of said firebox, a draft connection extending vertically into said firebox, said connection comprising a tubular element composed of a plurality of sectionsadjustable to vary the plane of the efiective outlet of said draft connection vertically, means for selectively fixing the height of said outlet by hand while said elements are in their normally heated condition, and a flue connection opening thru the-walloi the jacket at a point adjacent the base of said heating jacket,

5. A heating device comprising a firebox, an encompassing heating jacket communicating therewith adjacent the top of said firebox, a draftuconnection extending vertically into said firebox, said connection comprising a tubular ele--'.

ment composed of a plurality of sections ladjustable to vary the vertical plane of the efiective outlet of said draft connection, and a flue connection having two openings, one opening thru the wall of the jacket at a point below the top of the firebox, the other provided with an adjustable damper. r

6. A heating device comprising a' firebox: an encompassing heating therewith "adjacent the top of said firebox,'a draft connection extending vertically into said firebox, said-connection comprising a tubular element composed of a plurality of sections adjustable to vary the vertical plane of the effective outletof said draft connections, and a flue connection opening thru the wall of the jacket at a point below the top of the firebox, said heating jacket including two spaced vertically extending flues leading from the firebox to the flue connection.

7. A heating device comprising a firebox, an encompassing heating jacket communicating therewith adjacent the top of said firebox-,a draft connection extending vertically into said firebox, said connection comprising a tubular element' composed of a plurality oi sections adjustable to vary the plane of the effective outlet of said draft connection vertically, means foreclectively the height of said outlet-by hand which said elements are in their normally-heated condition, a: flue connection opening thru the wall of the jacket at a point below thetopof the firebox, said heating jacket including two spaced vertically extending iiu'esleading from the firebox to the flue connection, and a communicating. passageway joining their lowermost ends. I

8. A heating device comprising two open mouthed containers each having a continuous and imperlorate bottom, one smaller and shorter than the other, arranged with the smaller seated in the larger with the sides of said containers spaced apart, a cover seating across the mouth of the outer container, and a vertical draft con: nection extending thru said cover andinto the inner container. 7

9. A heating device comprising two open mouthed containers each having a continuous and imperforate bottom, one smaller and shorter than the other, arranged with the smaller seated in, the larger with the sides of said. containers jacket communicating said flues adjacent spaced apart, a cover seating across the mouth or the outer container, and a vertically extensible; draft connection extending thru said cover-an into the inner container.

10 A heating/device comprising two open mouthed containers each having a continuous andimperforate bottom, one smallerand shorter than the other, arranged with the smaller seated inthe. larger with the sidesiof said containers spaced apart, a cover seating across the mouth of the outer container, and a vertically extensible pendant draft connection extending thru said 1 cover and into the inner container.

, 1,1,. A heating device comprising two open mouthed containers. each having a .continuous and iniperforate bottom, one smaller and shorter than the other arranged with the-smaller seated in -the. larger with thesides of said containers spaced apart, a cover seating across the mouth of. the outer container, and avertically movable pendant pivoted draft connection extending thrusaidcove'r and into the inner container.

.12. A heating device comprising two open mouthed containers each having a continuous and 'imperiorate bottom, one'smaller than the other arranged with the smaller removably seated in the larger with the sides of said containers spaced apart, the open mouth of the outer container extending to a plane spaced above" the mouth of the smaller one, and'a' re'-* movable cover seating across the mouth of the outer container, said cover including a removable lid element and a vertical draft connection extending thru said cover and into the inner conq 3 13. A heating device comprising two open tainer.

mouthed containers each having a continuous and imperforate bottom, one smaller than the other, arranged with the smaller removably seated in the larger with the sides of said con" tainers spaced apart, the open mouth of the outer container extending toaplane spaced above the mouth of the smaller one, a removable cover seating across the mouth of the outer container, said cover including a removable, hingedlid element, and a vertical draft connection extending thru said cover and into the inner container.

14. A heating device comprising two open mouthed containers each having a continuous and imperforate bottom, one smaller and shorter than the other, arranged with the smaller re-v movably seated'in the larger with the sidesof said containers spaced apart, a removable cover seating across the mouth of the out'ercontainer, a a

line connection opening tin-u the wall of the outer containerat a" point below the mouth of theinner container, and a vertical draft connection extending thru said cover and into the inner container." I

l5.- A heating device comprising two open mouthed containers eachhaving a continuous and imperforate bottom, one smaller and shorter 7 than the other, arranged with the smaller removably seated in the larger with the sides of said containers spaced apart, a removable cover seating across the. mouth of the outer container, a flue connection opening thruthe wall. of the outer. container at a point adjacent the base of,

said outer container, and a vertical draft connection extending thru said cover and into the inner container.

16.'A heating device comprising a firebox,

an encompassing heating jacket communicating v '7 therewith adjacent the top of said firebox, and

a vertical draft connection extending through a draft connection extending vertically intosaid firebox, said connection comprising a tubular element composed of a plurality of jointed sections adapted to vary the plane of the effective outlet than the other arranged with the smaller removably seated in the larger with the sides of said containers spaced apart, a removable cover seating across the mouth of the outer container, a fiue connection having two openings extending through the wall of the outer container at points below the mouth of the inner container, one of said openings being provided with a damper and 20 lying substantially above the other opening, and

said cover and into the'inner container.

18. A heating device comprising two open mouthed containers each having a continuous and imperforate bottom, one smaller and shorter than the other arranged with the smaller removably seated in the larger, the bottoms and sides of said containers being spaced apart, a removable cover seating across the mouth of the outer container,

a flue connection having two openings extending through the wall of the outer container at points below the mouth of the inner container, one of said openings being provided with a damper and lying substantially above the other opening, and a vertical draft connection extending through said cover and into the inner container, the lowermost end of said draft connection being movable to follow the fuel in said inner container as said fuel diminishes in height by burning. 1

- CLINTON D. TOWN. 

